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Ketentuan Sertifikat Tanah atas Nama 2 Orang, Apakah Sah?
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Terakhir diperbarui 21 Nopember 2024 · 4 min read · by Septian Nugraha

sertifikat tanah atas nama 2 orang

Sertifikat tanah atas nama 2 orang agaknya menjadi hal yang terdengar kurang lazim bagi sebagian masyarakat Indonesia.

Wajar, karena kebanyakan orang mungkin cuma mengetahui bahwa sertifikat tanah atau rumah hanya bisa mencantumkan satu nama sebagai pemegang haknya.

Pada kenyataannya, memang ada banyak properti di Indonesia yang dimiliki oleh lebih satu orang, dengan masing-masing nama pemiliknya tercantum dalam sertifikat.

Jadi, jika Anda hendak membeli tanah atau rumah dengan sertifikat yang mencatut lebih dari satu nama pemilik, jangan buru-buru menyimpulkan itu adalah sertifikat palsu.

Pasalnya, sertifikat tanah atas nama lebih dari satu orang atau sertifikat tanah bersama, merupakan dokumen legal yang secara sah menjadi bukti kepemilikan atas tanah.

Ketentuan Hukum Sertifikat Tanah Bersama

dasar hukum sertifikat tanah bersama

Sertifikat tanah bersama diterbitkan oleh Badan Pertanahan Nasional (BPN) sehingga tidak ada yang perlu diragukan dari keabsahannya.

Dasar hukumnya juga jelas, sebagaimana diatur dalam Pasal 31 Peraturan Pemerintah No. 24 tahun 1997 tentang Pendaftaran Tanah.

Seperti dalam Pasal 31 ayat 4 PP 24/1997, yang berbunyi

“Hak atas tanah atau hak milik atas satuan rumah susun kepunyaan bersama beberapa orang atau badan hukum diterbitkan satu sertifikat, yang diterimakan kepada salah satu pemegang hak bersama atas penunjukan tertulis para pemegang hak bersama yang lain.”

Lebih lanjut disebutkan dalam Pasal 31 ayat 5 PP 24/1997, yang mana masing-masing pemegang hak bersama atas tanah akan menerima sertifikat, sesuai nama dan besaran bagian masing-masing dari hak bersama itu.

Berikut bunyi dari beleid tersebut:

“Hak atas tanah atau hak milik atas satuan rumah susun kepunyaan bersama dapat diterbitkan sertifikat sebanyak jumlah pemegang hak bersama untuk diberikan kepada setiap pemegang hak bersama yang bersangkutan, yang memuat nama serta besarnya bagian masing-masing dari hak bersama tersebut.”

Dengan demikian, pencatutan lebih dari satu nama dalam sertifikat tanah atau rumah adalah legal dan memiliki dasar hukum kuat.

Baca juga:

Begini Cara Penyelesaian Sengketa Tanah yang Belum Bersertifikat

Tebus Rumah - Harga Miring

Cara Mengurus Sertifikat Tanah atas Nama 2 Orang

cara mengurus sertifikat tanah atas nama 2 orang

Penerbitan sertifikat tanah bersama biasanya disebabkan sejumlah hal, mulai dari pembagian warisan hingga kerja sama investasi tanah.

Misalnya, Iwan hendak membeli tanah di Kawasan Vanya Park BSD City seluas 300 meter persegi sebagai instrumen investasi.

Namun, karena dana pembelian tanahnya kurang, Iwan mengajak Iman untuk patungan membeli tanah tersebut.

Iwan dan Iman pun membeli tanah tersebut dan mengajukan pembuatan sertifikat tanah bersama. 

Kemudian, keduanya bersepakat membagi hak atas tanah secara rata.

Artinya, masing-masing dari keduanya sama-sama memegang hak seluas 150 meter persegi atas tanah tersebut.

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Contoh kasus pemberian sertifikat tanah bersama lainnya adalah pembagian warisan dengan objek waris tanah atau rumah. 

Misalnya, Asep dan Udin adalah dua saudara kandung yang baru mendapatkan harta warisan berupa rumah dari mendiang ayahnya. 

Keduanya ingin membuat sertifikat rumah atas nama 2 orang, karena bersepakat untuk menduduki rumah tersebut dan menjadikannya sebagai harta bersama. 

Maka itu, Asep dan Udin akhirnya mengurus balik nama sertifikat warisan dari atas nama ayahnya, menjadi atas nama mereka berdua.

Properti tersebut pun dinaungi dokumen legalitas sertifikat rumah atas nama 2 orang. 

Lantas, bagaimana prosedur pembuatan sertifikat tanah atas nama 2 orang? Berikut alurnya:

  • Mengajukan permohonan pembuatan sertifikat tanah bersama ke kantor BPN setempat.
  • Melampirkan dokumen yang dibutuhkan dalam pembuatan sertifikat tanah.
  • Membayar biaya-biaya pembuatan sertifikat tanah yang telah ditetapkan.
  • Pemeriksaan sertifikat secara menyeluruh, dengan tujuan apabila ada kesalahan informasi maka bisa segera diperbaiki.

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Patut diketahui, dalam pembuatan sertifikat tanah bersama, masing-masing pemegang hak sudah harus menentukan pembagian hak atas tanah.

Apabila tidak tertera mengenai kesepakatan pembagian hak atas tanahnya, pihak BPN akan membagi rata hak atas luas tanah kepada masing-masing pemegang hak.

Baca juga:

Cara Cek Sertifikat Tanah Online dan Offline Terbaru

Apakah Tanah dengan Sertifikat atas Nama 2 Orang Bisa Dijual?

apakah tanah dengan sertifikat atas nama 2 orang bisa dijual

Tanah dengan sertifikat atas nama 2 orang juga bisa menjadi objek jual-beli.

Namun, prosesnya tidak bisa dilakukan sembarangan, sebab harus ada kesepakatan dari pemegang hak lain untuk menjual tanah tersebut.

Setiap pihak yang ingin melakukan perbuatan hukum atas tanah atau satuan rumah susun, haruslah mendapat persetujuan pemegang hak bersama lainnya.

Nah, jika tidak tercapai kesepakatan untuk menjual tanah tersebut, solusinya adalah pecah sertifikat tanah sesuai dengan hak yang dimiliki.

Sertifikat Rumah atas Nama 2 Orang tapi Salah Satu Meninggal

Namun, bagaimana jika rumah atas nama 2 orang tapi salah satu pemegang haknya meninggal? Apakah haknya akan jatuh sepenuhnya ke pemilik yang masih hidup?

Terkait hal tersebut, dilansir dari berbagai sumber, memang belum ada aturan yang mengatur secara tegas terkait hal tersebut.

Hanya saja, jika pemegang hak bersama yang meninggal itu sudah berkeluarga–sesuai Pasal 833 KUH Perdata, maka haknya akan turun ke ahli waris bersangkutan. 

Sementara, jika pemegang hak belum berkeluarga, pemegang hak bersama yang masih hidup bisa mengajukan pembuatan Akta Pembagian Hak Bersama (APHB). 

APHB dibutuhkan untuk melepas hak kepemilikan bersama, sehingga berubah menjadi hak tunggal. 

Baca juga:

Seluk-beluk APHB dan Tata Cara Pengurusannya

Itulah informasi mengenai sertifikat tanah atas nama 2 orang yang penting diketahui.

Punya pertanyaan lain seputar properti? Yuk, diskusikan di Teras123!

Semoga bermanfaat.

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